Forklift is one of the commonly used transport vehicles. Forklift plays an important role in the daily operation of warehouses and factories. If it is not driven according to the operating specifications, it will seriously threaten safety, have many potential hazards, and even cause the death of operators or other pedestrians. With the rapid development of China's forklift industry and the substantial increase of forklift ownership, the accident risk rate and mortality rate in material handling have remained high.
According to OSHA statistics of the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration, at least 85 people are killed in forklift accidents, 34900 are seriously injured in forklift accidents, and 61800 are slightly injured in forklift accidents. There are many main causes of forklift deaths, 42% of which are caused by forklift overturning, 11% of which are caused by the collision of two trucks. 8% of which are caused by the falling of forklift cargo. 39% of which are caused by other causes. The industry with the most forklift fatalities is the production industry, accounting for 42% of the total forklift fatalities. This shows the importance of safe forklift operation.
Safety is the basic condition for human survival and development. Safety is the most important issue in the business activities of enterprises. The concept of accident prevention should go deep into every link of daily work. Forklifts, as special equipment, can only be driven by professionals who have received safety training and obtained forklift operation license. Strengthen the safety awareness of drivers through safety training. People working around forklifts are not necessarily familiar with various performance and operation modes of forklifts and may be involved by forklifts. Hold safety training to warn them to pay attention to forklift action. Due to improper forklift operation and driver's lack of safety awareness, safety accidents are common, causing heavy casualties and property losses, and even managers and operators are held legally responsible. For enterprises, safety is life and safety is benefit. Only by standardizing safe operation can enterprises walk more steadily on the green and healthy development path.
There are many reasons for forklift accidents, among which the following situations are roughly analyzed: insufficient training of forklift operators by enterprises, too fast driving speed of forklifts, excessive loading, lack of appropriate protective and restraint devices, working without certificates, working with sick vehicles, operators not using safety belts, etc.
All these require enterprises to train forklift operators on safe operation and ensure that drivers fully understand the operating procedures. In addition, the forklift has a limited life and needs regular maintenance. It is also important to keep the working environment clean.
The following is a detailed list of safe forklift operation:
1、 Preparations for starting
1. When the forklift starts, the driver should first confirm the stability and reliability of the loaded goods.
2. Start slowly and steadily.
3. Before starting, observe around and confirm that there is no obstacle to driving safety, and then whistle before starting.
2、 Precautions during driving:
1. When the forklift is running, the load must be at the lowest position that does not hinder the driving, and the mast should tilt back properly.
The load shall not be raised except for stacking or loading.
2. The load height shall not block the driver's vision. Under special circumstances, when objects affect the forward vision, when reversing
Drive at low speed.
3. The height from the low end of the fork to the ground shall be 300-400mm, and the mast must tilt backward.
4. Do not lift the fork too high when driving. Pay attention to whether there will be
Obstacle scratching. The fork shall not be lifted too high when the load is running, which will affect the stability of the forklift.
5. After unloading, lower the fork to the normal driving position before driving.
6. When turning, if there are pedestrians or vehicles nearby, the driving signal shall be sent first. No sharp turns at high speed,
Steep cornering at high speed will cause the vehicle to lose lateral stability and roll over.
7. It is forbidden to turn on the ramp or drive across the ramp.
8. The safe driving speed of the forklift factory is 5km/h, and it must be safe at low speed when entering the production workshop area
Driving.
9. When lifting, lifting or driving a forklift, it is forbidden for personnel to stand on the fork to hold objects and balance.
10. If problems are found, they shall be repaired and reported in a timely manner, and they shall not be operated with diseases or concealed.
11. It is strictly forbidden to stop the forklift when it is driving downhill, and it is not allowed to brake suddenly when the load is driving except under special circumstances.
12. Forklifts shall comply with the traffic rules in the plant when running, and must keep a certain safety with the vehicles in front
Distance.
3、 Safety precautions for the driver when leaving the forklift
1. Engine flameout, power failure. (Except for special circumstances, such as the driver does not leave the sight of the vehicle for more than 1 minute).
2. Remove the key. 1. It is forbidden to leave the forklift when the goods on the fork are suspended. Before leaving, the goods must be unloaded or the fork rack must be lowered.
3. For parking brake, pull the handle or press the hand brake switch.
4、 Driving parameters
1. When driving, the low point of goods shall be 0.3m~0.4m above the ground;
2. The turning shall not be too fast to prevent the tendency of "free turning";
3. The uphill and downhill operation shall be slow and uniform, and no turning on the ramp is allowed;
4. It is not allowed to drive across the slope. When the slope is greater than 10%, you should reverse when driving downhill;
5. Forklift personnel shall
Drive in reverse. 1. It must be checked before departure;
6. When encountering someone in front during driving, the driver shall send a signal 5 m away;
7. The driving speed in the plant shall not exceed 15 km/h, and the speed shall not exceed 10 km/h in other complex areas such as plant doors, elevators, turns, large numbers of people and narrow passages;
5、 "Eight Don'ts" shall be observed during operation
1. It is not allowed to work with people on the pallet or fork, and it is strictly forbidden to stand under the fork after the fork is lifted.
2. It is not allowed to drive laterally on sloping roads.
3. Single fork operation is not allowed.
4. It is not allowed to use inertial force to pick up goods.
5. It is not allowed to use braking force to discharge round or easily rolling objects.
6. It is not allowed to lift the goods for long distance driving.
7. It is not allowed to use fork to pick up the pallet.
8. It is not allowed to directly shovel hazardous chemicals such as chemicals and inflammables with forks.
6、 Precautions
In combination with the above basic operations and according to the use of forklift trucks in enterprises, the following points should be paid attention to:
1. As a special motor vehicle, nine out of ten accidents are fast, so the driving speed of forklift needs
Strengthen control.
2. Before starting the forklift, confirm whether the load is firmly fixed and whether the gear of the forklift is in neutral. The forklift may cause serious injury.
3. When driving a forklift at the entrance and exit of the workshop, you should slow down, watch and sound the horn.
Safety is gained by being strict, and lost by being lenient; Forklift safe operation has only a starting point but no ending point. If there is a little negligence and a little mistake in safety awareness, terrible things may happen. All the good things, the prosperity of the enterprise, and even the preciousness of life will come to naught. It is self-evident that the safe operation of forklift trucks is important for the healthy development of the enterprise.
